Hvilke spørgsmål stiller du?

Egentlig er jeg ikke så meget for spørgsmålsrubrikker, men her har jeg gjort en undtagelse. For det er et godt og relevant spørgsmål. I bund og grund handler journalistik om at stille spørgsmål. Svarene kan dog afhænge meget af, hvordan journalisten spørger – og det gør spørgsmålene ekstremt vigtige for det, der i sidste ende når ud til læsere/lyttere/seere/brugere. Alligevel virker det som om, at mange journalister sidder med hovedet under armen.
De glemmer simpelthen hvordan man stiller de rigtige spørgsmål på den rigtige måde. Og selvom der ikke er en interviewopgave ved optagelsesprøven på Journalisthøjskolen, er det alligevel en god idé at gøre sig nogle tanker om gode og dårlige spørgsmål, hvis man vil være journalist.

Som udgangspunkt skal spørgsmål være åbne og neutrale. Lad os tage et par eksempler:
”Var din ferie god?” Det lukkede spørgsmål lægger op til et ja/nej-svar. Den adspurgte kan gemme sig ved at svare kort.

”Hvordan var din ferie?” Et åbent spørgsmål, der kræver, at den adspurgte selv begynder at fortælle.

”Hvordan var det på din dejlige ferie?” Spørgeren antyder i hvilken retning svaret bør forme sig. Hvis ferien ikke har været dejlig kan spørgeren risikere at gøre den adspurgte sur, skuffet ked af det osv.

Elendige spørgsmål i medieprogram
Hvis du interesserer dig for medier, hører du sikkert P1-programmet ”Mennesker og medier” med den mangeårige journalist Lasse Jensen ved roret. Man skulle tro, at redaktionen bag et program om medier formår at spille gode spørgsmål til gæsterne, men nej.

Af en eller anden grund er de fleste af Lasse Jensens spørgsmål lukkede og ledende. Det kommer til at virke som om, han fisker efter bestemte svar. Heldigvis for programmet er gæsterne professionelle kilder, der sagtens kan komme med et langt svar på et ellers fladt og ligegyldigt spørgsmål. Men hvad er konsekvensen, hvis man stiller den slags spørgsmål til andre kilder?

Ikke medietrænede kilder vil formentlig holde sig til korte og simple svar. Kilder, der har et budskab de vil af med, vil have nemt ved at dreje svaret i den retning, de ønsker.

Forskellige stilarter
Der er forskellige måder at lave interviews på. Clement Kjersgaard fremstår ofte bedrevidende, nogle vil måske sige en smule arrogant. Han har helt sikkert en interviewstil, som mange politikere frygter, fordi de i hans selskab har svært ved at komme af med de forberedte budskaber. Se bare her, hvor Clement har besøg af Joachim B. Olsen fra Liberal Alliance.

Martin Krasnik er en anden journalist, som bestemt heller ikke er bange for at provokere og gå hårdt til sine interviewpersoner. Det fik filmmanden Peter Aalbæk Jensen at føle, da han gæstede deadline.

 

About Kasper Skov Jensen
Journalist og forfatter til bogen Bliv journalist. Har arbejdet en hel del med onlinejournalistik for blandt andre norske FotballMagasinet, TV 2 og Aller Media. Giver feedback til unge skribenter på musicupdates.dk og dbold.dk, der drømmer om at blive journalister

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Kasper Skov Jensen Posted on

Journalist og forfatter til bogen Bliv journalist. Har arbejdet en hel del med onlinejournalistik for blandt andre norske FotballMagasinet, TV 2 og Aller Media. Giver feedback til unge skribenter på musicupdates.dk og dbold.dk, der drømmer om at blive journalister

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